• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A liquid distribution unit, for use in a liquid distribution system designed for saving liquid. and thermal energy. It comprises and inlet manifold (FL) with a number of branch connections (CI, C2) for connection, in use, with associated feeding conduits (FC1, FC2) and liquid tap units. The inlet manifold device has an inlet end (IE) for joint connection, in use, with a liquid source (LS). Each branch connection has an associated control valve {CV1, CV2) for. selective communication, in use, between the liquid source and an associated one of the feeding conduits, Each branch connection is also provided with an additional branch connection located downstream in relation to the associated control valve, as seen when the liquid is refilled into the feeding conduit, and having an associated, separate liquid evacuation valve (EV1, EV2) and an outlet end (OE1, OE2). The outlet ends of the additional branch connections are jointly connectable to an evacuation liquid pump (EP),
    公开号:SE1550942A1
    申请号:SE1550942
    申请日:2015-07-02
    公开日:2017-01-03
    发明作者:Abbing Erik
    申请人:3Eflow Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    A liquid distribution unit FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a liquid distribution unit, for use in a liquid distributionsystem designed for saving liquid and thermal energy, the liquid distribution unit compris-ing ~ an inlet manifold device with a number of branch connections for connection, in use, with associated feeding conduits and liquid tap units in said liquid distribution system, - said inlet manifold device having an inlet end forjoint connection, in use, with a liquid source in said liquid distribution system, - each of said branch connections having a control valve for selective communication, in use, between said liquid source and an associated one of said feeding conduits.
    Such systems are used primarily for distributing hot water in buildings, but the principlesapplied in the invention may very well be implemented also for other liquids, and also for distributing cold liquids.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND PRIOR ART A system has been developed, and is the subject of a patent application (“A method andliquid distribution system for saving liquid and thermal energy”) being filed on the sameday as the present application, where a number of feeding conduits are connected to acentral liquid source, these feeding conduits communicating at their far ends with associ-ated liquid tap units, eg. for tapping hot water. ln order to enable a distinct opening andclosing of these liquid tap units, there is provided a dampening valve device adjacent to each liquid tap unit.
    As is known per se from App|icant's earlier international (PCT) patent application W02012/148351, the system operates in cycles, each comprising the following steps: - evacuating the liquid from the associated feeding conduit after completion of atapping operation at the associated liquid tap unit, by generating a backward pres-sure gradient in the associated feeding conduit, so that the liquid flows backwardstowards the liquid source and the associated feeding conduit thereafter containsonly air or gas being retained thereín, and ~ refilling, upon activating said liquid tap unit, the associated feeding conduit withliquid by generating a forward pressure gradient in the associated feeding conduitand permitting liquid to flow from the liquid source to the associated liquid tapunit, while pushing the remaining air or gas in the feeding conduit towards the as-socíated liquid tap unit at an operating pressure exceeding an ambient air pressure level. ln the prior art system, as disclosed in the above-mentioned PCT application, each feedingconduit is connected to the liquid source by means of a single control valve, which is lo-cated at the branch connection of an inlet manifold device and can be open or closed.When it is open, the liquid source will feed liquid into the associated feeding conduit aslong as the liquid tap unit signals that the flow of hot water should be maintained. When atap unit is being closed or deactívated, a signal is given so as to activate a centrally locatedpump which pumps back the liquid from the feeding conduit via the open control valveback to the liquid source. The same pump is used for circulating hot water in the liquidsource and for pumping back liquid from the feeding conduits. When a feeding conduit iscompletely evacuated, which is sensed by a level sensor, the control valve is closed again,so that the feeding conduit is retained at a relatively low pressure, slightly below the am~bient air pressure, with only gas or air therein. lvloreover, in the prior art system, ambientair or gas will replace the liquid when it is evacuated from the feeding conduits. For thispurpose, there is a special air valve adjacent to the liquid valve between the feeding con- duit and the associated tap unit.
    OBJECT OF THE lNVENTlON Against this background, the object of the invention is to improve the structure and thefunction of the liquid distribution unit, so that a particular feeding conduit can be evacu-ated directly when there is an indication that the associated tap unit is being closed. Also,it should be possible to evacuate and refill the various feeding conduits independently ofeach other, so that at least one of them can be evacuated while at least one other feedingconduit is being refilled (when the associated tap unit has been activated). Furthermore,even if the evacuation of the various feecling conduits is done independently, it should besufficient to use a single pump for such evacuation of all the feeding conduits. Suchpumps, having the capacity to reduce the pressure down to a lowermost pressure level ofabout 20-80% ofthe ambient air pressure, are relatively expensive. Finally, the structureof such a unit should be compact, so that the whole unit can be fitted into a limited space as a central apparatus.
    SUMMARY OF THE lNVENTlON The objects stated above are achieved for a liquid distribution unit wherein each of num-ber of branch connections, at an inlet manifold device, is also provided with an additionalbranch connection, located downstream in relation to the associated control valve (asseen when the feeding conduit is refilled with liquid) and having an associated, separateevacuation valve and an outlet end, and the outlet ends of the additional branch connec-tions are jointly connectable, in use, to an evacuation liquid pump capable of reducing the pressure down to a pressure which is substantially below the ambient air pressure. ln principle, the evacuated liquid being pumped out from the feeding conduits via the ad-dítional branch connection and the separate evacuation valve may be stored separately ina heat insulated container. Preferably, however, the evacuation pump is connected, at itsoutlet end, to the liquid source, so that the liquid is recirculated back to the liquid source. ln this way, the thermal energy can be saved in an optimum way.
    The liquid distribution unit according to the invention has a number of advantages: - the feeding conduits can be evacuated and refílled independently of each other,thanks to the separate evacuation valves, - only one evacuation pump is needed, - the unit is compact and requires very little space, - the unit is easy to install, since it is easy to understand where all the connectionsare to be connected to the rest ofthe system (feeding conduits, liquid source, evacuation pump and electrical cables).
    Further features of the liquid distribution unit will appear from the detailed description below, where a preferred embodiment ofthe invention is clisclosed.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be explained further below, with reference to the appended draw-ings which illustrate a preferred embodiment ofthe liquid distribution unit according to the invention.
    Fig 1 illustrates, in a schematic diagram, a liquid distribution system which comprises anumber of components, among them a liquid distribution unit according to the invention (down to the left); Fig. 2 shows, at a larger scale, a part ofthe system constituting the liquid distribution unit,within a rectangle drawn with dashed lines, in the form of a module with connections to two feeding conduits; and Fig. 3 shows, in a perspective view, an example of a liquid distribution unit with connec-tions, valves and sensors in two modules as shown in fig. 2, and an evacuation pump which is jointly connected to the outlets of all the evacuation valves.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODINIENT OF THE INVENTION ln fig. 1, there is shown, in a schematic diagram, a liquid distribution system designed forsaving liquid and thermal energy. A separate patent application, disclosing the system as a whole, is being filed at the same time as the present application.
    A central liquid source LS, possibly including a hot water tank and a circulating loop of hotwater, is connected to a number of hot water feeding conduits FC1, FC 2, etc. via a feedline FL, separate connections Cl, C2, etc. and individual control valves CV1, CV2, etc.When a control valve CV1, etc. is opened, hot water will flow into the associated feeding conduit FC1, FC2, etc. which has been evacuated in a previous evacuation step.
    There will be a high pressure gradient in the particular feeding conduit FC1, etc. since thecontrol valve CV1, etc. is open and thus conveys a driving pressure from below, corre-sponding to the pressure prevailing in the liquid source LS (typically about 2 to 5 bars over-pressure or, in absolute terms, more than 300 % of the ambient air pressure), and an up-per very low pressure, such as 0.2 to 0.8 bar under-pressure or, in absolute terms, about20 to 80% of the ambient air pressure. Accordingly, the hot water will flow at a high veloc-ity towards a liquid tap unit LT1, etc. Normally the feeding conduits are at least 5 to 30 mlong, from the liquid source LS to the respective hot water tap unit LT1, etc. within a build- ing.
    When the hot water approaches the liquid tap unit, there is a risk for a hard striking im-pulse, a so called ”water hammer", of the hot water. However, as is known per se, fromthe above-mentioned PCT application WO 2012/1408351, a dampening chamber D1, etc.is arranged in the vicinity of a liquid valve V1, etc. so that an air or gas cushion will dampen the impact of the rapidly moving hot water.
    Each dampening chamber D1, etc. is connected to the far end of the associated feedingconduit FC1, FC2, etc. via a passage OP1, OPZ, etc., and in this passage, there is an inlet toa non-return valve or check valve V1, V2, etc. leading at its outlet end to an associated one ofthe liquid tap units LT1, etc.
    The structure of the dampening valve unit DVI, DV2, etc., formed by the dampeningchamber D1, the passage OP1, OP2, etc. and the liquid valve V1, V2, etc., is disclosed indetail in two further patent applications (“a dampening valve unit” and ”a fluid stop valveunit”) being filed on the same day as the present application. Thus, the non-return valveunit may comprise at least one, preferably two check-valves connected in series, being bi-ased towards a closing position by a non-linear spring device, so that the valve will shiftfrom a closing position to an open position when a threshold pressure level is present atthe inlet |N1, |N2, etc. ofthe valve (or upon detecting that water is present at the inlet ofthe valve). The non-linear spring device is coupled to the non-return valve or valves and isdesigned in such a way that, when the threshold pressure is reached, the valve body willmove Suddenly a relatively long way into its opening position (to the right in fig. 3). So, thevalve will open distinctly and permit a high flow of hot water immediately after the thresh- old pressure level has been reached.
    As described in the separate patent application “a dampening valve unit”, the dampeningchamber D1, D2, etc. can be housed in a separate casing or it can be formed by a housingwhere the valve V1 is located centrally (not shown), or in some other way. In either case, the upper end of the feeding conduit FC1, FC2, etc. adjoins the above-mentioned passage 0P1, OP2, etc., which also accommodates the inlet |N1, |N2, etc. of the valve V1, V2, etc.
    The prevailing pressures and the volumes of the feeding conduits FC1, FC2, etc. are suchthat the pressure of the refilling water is still relatively low when it reaches the passageOP1, OP2, etc., below the set threshold pressure ofthe valve. Therefore, the water willmove further upvvards, beyond the passage 0P1, OP2, etc. before the air or gas, beingtrapped in the adjoiníng dampening chamber D1, D2, etc., is compressed to such a degreethat the air or gas pressure, causing a corresponding pressure in the water adjacentthereto, rises to a level corresponding to the threshold level of the valve V1, V2, etc. Then,the valve suddenly opens, and the hot water will flow through the valve into the adjoiningliquid tap unit LTl, LT2, etc. Since there is now only water in the passage OP1, OP2, etc.,only water, and no gas or air, will flow through the valve and into the liquid tap LTl, LT2, etc. The pressure in the liquid source LS, being much higher than the ambient air pressure (even at the liquid tap unit LT1, LT2, etc.) and the threshold pressure ofthe liquid valveV1, V2, etc. will ensure that the air or gas compressed in the dampening chamber D1, DZ,etc. will stay compressed and not expand into the passage OPl, OP2, etc. during normaloperation of the liquid distribution system. One way to retain the air or gas within thedampening Chamber Dl, D2, etc. is to arrange, in parallel, a gas inlet valve as well as a gasoutlet valve in the passage OP1, OP2, etc. between the feeding conduit and the dampen- ing Chamber.
    Only when a tap handle, or a corresponding device or sensor, is activated for closing theparticular liquid tap unit LT1, LT2, etc. will there be a change. Then, a pressure sensor PS1,PS2, etc., being inserted between the valve V1, V2, etc. and the associated liquid tap unitLT1, LT2, will sense an increased pressure (the flow is stopped but the feeding pressure isstill present) and send an electric signal to a control unit CU which will in turn close thecontrol valve CV1, CV2, etc. adjacent to the liquid source LS. Also, the control unit CU willsend a signal to a separate liquid evacuation valve EV1, EV2, etc. so as to open the latter.Thereupon, the hot water remaining in the associated feeding conduit FCI, etc. will beevacuated via the valve EV1, and the complete removal of hot water from the feedingconduit will be detected by an associated level sensor LS1, LS2 etc. which is mounted nextto the additional branch connection AC1, ACZ, etc. at the downstream side thereof (as seen when the liquid is refilled from the liquid source LS).
    These liquid evacuation valves EV1, EV2, etc., together with the above-mentioned controlvalves CV1, CVZ, etc. are arranged in a separate unit, denoted a “liquid distribution unit”LDU, shown more clearly in fig. 2 (a schematic diagram) and fig. 3 (a perspective view ofthe physical components), the latter showing two modules each comprising the compo- nents associated with two feeding conduits.
    The unit LDU is composed of a number of modules, one being shown in fig. 2, and two modules being shown in fig. 3.
    The feed line FL from the liquid source LS (at the very bottom of fig. 3) constitutes an inlet manifold device for the unit LDU and comprises an inlet end lE and a number of branch connections Cl, C2, etc., each one for connection, in use, with an associated feeding con-duit FC1, FC2, etc. and, consequentiy, with the associated liquid tap units LT1, LT2, etc.(fig. 1). These branch connections C1, C2, etc. are each fitted to (connected to) an associ-ated control valve CV1, CV2, etc. (mentioned above) for opening or closing the passage ofliquid from the liquid source LS to the feeding conduit F!, F2, etc.. Adjacent to the controlvalve CV1, CV2, etc., the associated feeding conduit FC1, FC2, etc. is also provided with anadditional branch connection AC1, AC2, etc. (mentioned above), located downstream (asseen during refilling the feeding conduit with liquid) and immediately adjacent to the asso-ciated control valve CV1, CV2, etc. This additional branch connection AC1, AC2, etc. leadsto an associated, separate evacuation valve EV1, EV2, etc., each with an outlet end OE1, 0E2, etc.
    The outlet ends OE1, OEZ, etc. ofthe separate evacuation valves EV1, EV2, etc. are jointlyconnected to an evacuation pump EP which will recirculate the hot water to the liquidsource LS. Although fig. 3 shows separate connections, in series, to the inlet side oftheevacuation pump EP, it is of course possible to use a manifold outlet pipe or device forthispurpose, similar to the inlet manifold pipe or device constituted by the feeding line FL. ln fig. 2, such an outlet manifold device is denoted EL (to the left in fig. 2).
    The liquid distribution unit LDU comprises the inlet manifold device FL, the branch connec-tions Cl, C2, etc., the control valves CV1, CV2, etc., the level sensors LS1, LS2, etc., the ad-ditional branch connections AC1, AC2, etc., the separate evacuation valves EV1, EV2, etc.,and the outlet ends OE1, OEZ, etc. which are connectable, possibly via an outlet manifold device EL, to an evacuation liquid pump EP. The unit operates as follows: lnitially, upon connecting the unit LDU to a liquid source LS, a number of feeding conduitsFC1, FC2, etc., an electronic control unit CU and an evacuation pump EP (figfit), there is airor gas in most ofthe system. At first, one or more of the control valves CV1, etc. areopened (the evacuation valves are closed at this point oftime), whereupon hot water willflow from the liquid source until they fill up the particular feeding conduits FC1, FC2, etc.When the hot water approaches the associated dampening valve unit DV1, etc. the pres- sure will rise sharply in the feeding conduit, so that the associated valve V1 opens and will let the hot water flow into the corresponding liquid tap unit LT1, etc. During the first cy-cles, there may be some air that flows out through the valve V1, etc. but after a number ofoperating cycles, the amount of air will be adjusted so that the hot water will pass by thepassage OP1, etc. before the valve V1, etc. opens, so the remaining air will then be com-pressed in the dampening chamber only. Thus, at this point, no air will escape through the valve V1, etc.
    Hot water will flow via the feedingconduits FCl etc. and the valve V1 etc. to the liquid tapunit LT1 etc. until a tap handle is closed, or some other device sends a signal to close thecontrol valve CV1, etc.. Thereupon, the associated, separate evacuation valve EV1, EV2,etc. is opened, so that the evacuation pump EP will be coupled to the associated feedingconduit and the hot water therein will be pumped out and be recirculated into the liquidsource LS. This will continue as long as there is any liquid left in the feeding conduit. Then,the associated level sensor LS1, etc. will detect that the feeding conduit has been totallyevacuated, and the associated, separate evacuation valve EV1, etc. will be closed. At thistime, the pressure of the remaining air in the liquid conduit FC1 is very low, typically about0.2 to 0.8 bar. All the hot water has been pumped back to the liquid source LS, and thereis no hot water left in this particular feeding conduit. Accordingly, there will be no leakage of heat energy from the feeding conduit as long as it is kept empty.
    The units LDU, or rather one or more modules (fig.2), are preferably assembled at a manu- facturing plant and will be easy to connect on site in a building (or other facility).
    Those skilled in the art can modify the above-described liquid distribution unit LDU withinthe scope of the appended claims. For example, the level sensors LS1, etc. may be re-placed by pressure sensors for the detection ofthe evacuation of each particular feeding conduit.
    The control valves CV1, CV2, etc. and the associated evacuation valves EV1, EV2, etc. may be integrated into 3-port-3-positional-valves having the same functions.
    Also, an evacuation pump EP may be included as an integrated part of the unit. Likewise, the electronic control unit CU may be an associated part ofthe unit LDU.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1] 1. A liquid distribution unit, for use in a liquid distribution system designed for savingliq- uid and thermal energy, the liquid distribution unit (LDU) comprising - an inlet manifold device (FL) with a number of branch connections (C1,C2) for connec-tion, in use, with associated feeding conduits (FC1, FC2) and liquid tap units (LT1, LTZ) in said liquid distribution system, - said inlet manifold device having an inlet end (IE) forjoint connection, in use, with a liq- uid source (LS) in said liquid distribution system, - each of said branch connections (Cl, CZ) having an associated control valve (CV1, CV2)for selective communication, in use, between said liquid source (LS) and an associated one of said feeding conduits (FCl, FC2),characterlzed inthat - each of said branch connections (Cl, CZ) is also provided with an additional branch con-nection (AC1, AC2), located downstream, as seen when the feeding conduit is refilled withliquid, in relation to said associated control valve (CV1, CV2) and having an associated, separate evacuation valve (EV1, EV2) and an outlet end (OE1, OE2), and - the outlet ends (OE1, OE2) of said additional branch connections (AC1, AC2) are jointlyconnectable, in use, to an evacuation liquid pump (EP) capable of reducing the pressure down to a pressure which is substantially below the ambient air pressure.
    [2] 2. The liquid distribution unit defined in claim 1, wherein the outlet ends (OE1, OE2) ofsaid additional branch connections are adapted to be jointly connected, in use, via saidevacuation pump (EP) to said liquid source (LS) for recirculating liquid from said feedingconduits (FC1, FC2) when there is no feeding of liquid to the associated liquid tap unit(LTl, LT2). 11
    [3] 3. The liquid distribution unit defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein said outlet ends(OE1, 0E2)of said additional branch connections (AC1, AC2) are connectable to said evacuation liquid pump (EP) via an outlet manifold device (EL) having a single outlet end.
    [4] 4. The liquid distribution unit defined in claim 3, wherein the inlet manifold device (FL) andthe outlet manifold device (EL) are elongated and mutually parallel so as to form at least one module, there being one or more modules in the liquid distribution unit.
    [5] 5. The liquid distribution unit defined in any one of the preceding claims 1-4, wherein saidcontrol valves (CV1, CV2) and said associated, separate evacuation valves (EV1, EV2) areelectromagnetic valves being connectable to an electric control unit (CU) for said liquid distribution systern.
    [6] 6. The liquid distribution unit defined in claim 5, wherein each of said evacuation valves(EV1, EV2) are adapted to become activated, in use, via said control unit (CU) upon receiv-ing a signal from the associated liquid tap unit (LT1, LT2) índicating that a tapping opera- tion has been completed.
    [7] 7. The liquid distribution unit defined in any one of the preceding claims 1-6, wherein saidcontrol valves (CVLCVZ) and said associated, separate evacuating valves (EV1, EV2) are operable, in use, in such a way that at least one of said feeding conduits(FC1, FCZ) is con-nected, via an associated control valve (Cvl, CV2), to said liquid source (LS), while at leastone other feeding conduit is simultaneously connected, via an associated, separate evacu- ating valve (EV1, EV2), to said evacuation liquid pump (EP). 12
    [8] 8. The liquid distribution unit defined in any one of the preceding claims 1-7, wherein theliquid distribution unit also comprises a control unit (CU) being electrically coupled to saidcontrol valves (CV1, CVZ), said associated liquid evacuation valves (EV1, EV2), and said level sensors (LSl, LS2).
    [9] 9. The liquid distribution unit defined in any one ofthe preceding ciaims 1-8, wherein theliquid distribution unit also comprises said evacuation liquid pump (EP) being connected tosaid outlet ends (OE1, OE2) of said additional branch connections (AC1,AC2)with said as- socíated liquid evacuation valves (EV1, EV2).
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    法律状态:
    2021-03-02| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1550942A|SE541501C2|2015-07-02|2015-07-02|A liquid distribution unit|SE1550942A| SE541501C2|2015-07-02|2015-07-02|A liquid distribution unit|
    EP16733920.9A| EP3317464B1|2015-07-02|2016-06-27|A liquid distribution unit|
    US15/738,288| US10801736B2|2015-07-02|2016-06-27|Liquid distribution unit|
    PCT/EP2016/064857| WO2017001341A1|2015-07-02|2016-06-27|A liquid distribution unit|
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